Umhlaza Womlomo Wesibeleko | Uya kuncamathela kwiqabane elinye emva kokufunda

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko luhlobo olubulalayo lomhlaza olwenza ukwahluka kweseli okungaqhelekanga kumlomo wesibeleko-kukhokelela kwintlungu engaqhelekanga phantsi komfazi.

Ngokophando, i-papillomavirus yabantu ikholelwa ukuba yeyona nto ibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Uninzi lwabasetyhini abafunyaniswa benolu hlobo lomhlaza baboniswa ukuba baluphuhlise emva kwamashumi eminyaka yosulelo lwe-papillomavirus yabantu.

I-Human papillomavirus inokubangela iintsumpa zangasese okanye umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Nangona kunjalo, i-HPV inokuthintelwa ukuphelisa iingxaki ezibangelayo kwimpilo yethu.

Kwaye oku kunokwenziwa ngogonyo lwe-HPV ezintathu ekucetyiswa ukuba zenziwe kubantu abadala abancinci abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-9 ukuya kwengama-26.

Eli nqaku libonisa inkcazo yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, izizathu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, iimpawu, kunye nonyango phakathi koluhlu lwamanyathelo okukhusela kwimeko.

Imifanekiso yeWikimedia Commons 

Yintoni umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?

Olu luhlobo lomhlaza oluhlasela inkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini ukuze kubangele Ukwahlula okungalunganga kweeseli kumlomo wesibeleko.

Ngokuguqulwa kweeseli, amathumba asasazeka kwizicubu ezikufutshane ezikhokelela kwiingxaki ezibulalayo zeeseli ezinokukhokelela ekufeni kwabantu abosulelekileyo.

Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko uncediswa ikakhulu yi-papillomavirus yomntu njengoko kukhankanyiwe ekuqaleni.

Iindidi eziphambili zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko obangelwa yi-HPV

Nazi iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zomhlaza wesibeleko

1. Adenocarcinoma
2. Squamous cell carcinoma

Umhlaza wesibeleko i-adenocarcinoma ufumaneka rhoqo kwiiseli ze-glandular ezimile kumqolo wesibeleko. Ayifane yenzeke kubafazi abathile.

Kwelinye icala, umhlaza wesquamous cell carcinoma wenzeka kwiiseli zesquamous. Iiseli zesquamous ziiseli ezibhityileyo, ezisicaba ezijikeleze indawo engaphandle yomlomo wesibeleko edibana nelungu lobufazi.

Ngomnye womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko owaziwayo kwabasetyhini.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo kunye neempawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko zibonakala kuphela xa ufika kade kodwa hayi kwasekuqaleni. Izinto ezibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko zinokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ubuhlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo
• Ubuhlungu bepelvic
• Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kusisi ngevumba elibi
• Ukukhutshwa kwegazi kwilungu lobufazi kunye nevumba elinamandla
• Ukuphalala emva kokabelana ngesondo
• Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi phakathi kokuyeka ukuya exesheni
• Ukopha okuphuma emzimbeni emva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini
• Ukuhlamba phakathi kwamaxesha

Kwimeko yezi mpawu zingentla, tyelela ugqirha ukuze axilongwe ngaphambi kokuba kube kade, nangona kunjalo, iimvavanyo ze-pap rhoqo okanye iimvavanyo ze-smear zinokunceda ukufumanisa naluphi na utshintsho lweseli yomlomo wesibeleko olunokuthi lubonise ukukhula komhlaza. Oku kunokunceda kunyango lwakwangoko lomhlaza.

Amanqanaba omhlaza wesibeleko

Kunyango olufanelekileyo lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, oogqirha baphatha uxilongo ukuze bachonge iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza.

Ukulinganisa kunceda ukumisela ubungakanani bokuguqulwa kweeseli. Apha ngezantsi ngamanqanaba omhlaza:

Imifanekiso yeWikipedia

• Ubugqi, okanye bufihliweyo: Umhlaza awubonakali kwimifanekiso yemifanekiso, kodwa iiseli ezinomhlaza zinokuvela kulwelo yaye zisenokuba ziye zafikelela kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
• Inqanaba 0 Umhlaza: – Iiseli ezinomhlaza zikhona.
• Inqanaba lomhlaza 2: -Iiseli zomhlaza zikhule ukusuka kumphezulu womlomo wesibeleko ngaphantsi kwe-5 cm ukuya kwizicubu ezinzulu, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ziye esibelekweni nakwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane.

Inqanaba lesi-2: -Ithumba yi-5-7 cm kwaye inokuba isasazeke kwizicubu ezijikeleze indawo echaphazelekayo, Inokuthi ichaphazele okanye ingazichaphazeli ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane.

• Inqanaba lesi-3: - Iiseli zomhlaza zikhona kwiindonga ze-pelvis. Inokuthi okanye ingachaphazeli ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane.
• Inqanaba lesi-4: -Umhlaza usasazeke kumalungu omzimba akude njengesibindi, amathambo, imiphunga kunye ne-lymph nodes

Zintoni izizathu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko?

Olu hlobo lomhlaza lunokuba sisiphumo i-papillomavirus yoluntu, indlela yokuphila engahlali kakuhle kunye nokhetho olubi lokutya. Ezinye zezinto eziphambili zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko zezi:

a. Ukuvezwa kwepapillomavirus yoluntu

Esinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko sisiphumo sosulelo lwe-human papillomavirus.

I-HPV yintsholongwane eyosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo enganyangekiyo. I-HPV ibangela amajoni omzimba aphantsi, ngoko ke, inika indawo yolunye usulelo olufana nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunye nezinye ii-STIs.

Uthintelo lwe-HPV ngolawulo lwesitofu sokugonya se-HPV kwiminyaka eyi-9 ukuya kuma-26 lusebenza kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ngaphandle kwesitofu sokugonya, umngcipheko we-HPV uphezulu.

b. Amaqabane amaninzi esini

Abasetyhini abanamaqabane amaninzi ngesondo ngokubanzi banomngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo lwe-HPV.

Umzekelo, owasetyhini onamaqabane amathathu ngesondo ngosuku olunye okanye ngexesha elinye unokosulelwa lula yi-HPV okanye ezinye izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo (STIs) njengegcushuwa, i-gonorrhea kunye ne-HIV.

Oku kunokukhokelela kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ukuthintela amaqabane esini amaninzi yenye ye amanyathelo othintelo ukuphelisa le meko (umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko). Amaqabane amaninzi ngesondo yeyona ndawo iphambili edityaniswe nezizathu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

c. Ukutshaya:

Uninzi lwabasetyhini abatshayayo banyusa umngcipheko womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko wesquamous cell. Izinto eziyityhefu ezivela kumsi zinciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kunye ne-neurotransmission.

Oku kunokukhokelela kwisistim somzimba esibuthathaka sokulwa nosulelo kwaye kunokuba negalelo kwinkqubo ebangela ukuba ezinye iiseli ezinomhlaza zibe ziiseli zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

d. Izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo (STIs)

Inani elilungileyo labasetyhini abavezwe kuyo chlamydia, inyamakazi, i-syphilis, kwaye i-HIV/AIDS ngokubanzi inamathuba aphezulu okuba neeseli ezinomhlaza.

Ii-STI ngomnye woonobangela bomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Yehlisa amajoni omzimba, ngoko ke, umzimba awukwazi ukuzikhusela kwi-HPV.

Ii-STI zinokubangela iintlungu zeprvic, ukopha lobufazi, kunye nokunye ukungahambi kakuhle

e. Izifo ezingafunekiyo

Abasetyhini abaphethwe yi-HIV/AIDS okanye abaye bafumana amayeza athile, umzekelo, ukufuna amayeza e-Immunosuppressive afana nofakelo-mzimba kunokukhokelela kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Amayeza awenza buthathaka umxokomezelo wokhuselo lomzimba esenza abasetyhini babe sesichengeni se-HPV.

f. Ukusetyenziswa kweepilisi zokuthintela inzala

Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kweepilisi zokucwangcisa kunokubangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba uninzi lwabasetyhini abasebenzisa iipilisi zokucwangcisa ixesha elide banamathuba aphezulu okuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Iipilisi zinokukhokelela ekopheni okungaqhelekanga emva okanye ngaphambi kokuya exesheni.

Zinokubangela ukungalingani kwehomoni okunokubangela iingxaki zempilo. Soloko ukhangela iingcebiso kugqirha phambi kokuba usebenzise iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala.

g. Ukuzala kwasekuqaleni

Ukubeleka usekwishumi elivisayo kunokubangela i-HPV kwaye ebudaleni, owasetyhini angaba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Uphando ludiza ukuba abasetyhini ababeleke bekwishumi elivisayo kusenokwenzeka ukuba babe neeseli zomhlaza ebudaleni.

Funda kwakhona: Izibhedlele zeMhlaza eziGqibeleleyo eMhlabeni nakwiKisumu

h. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokukhuluphala

Ukunyuka kobunzima obungenampilo kunokukhokelela kwizigulo ezingapheliyo ezifana nomhlaza.

Idiphozithi yamafutha amaninzi emzimbeni inokukhokelela kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kubantu abatyebe kakhulu nabatyebe kakhulu. Uninzi lwabasetyhini abatyebe kakhulu okanye abatyebe kakhulu basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

i. Imfuza kunye nembali yosapho

I-Genetic ngomnye woonobangela bomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Abanye abasetyhini banokufumana umhlaza ngenxa yesifo somhlaza welifa.

Oko kukukwazi komntu ukufumana ilifa kuhlobo oluthile lomhlaza. Umzekelo, ukuba nabani na kubazali banemfuza yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, banokudlulisela imiyalelo etshintshiweyo kwinzala yabo.

Kwelinye icala, ikhowudi yemfuza ngokubanzi ilawula ukwahlulwa kweeseli kunye nexesha lokuphelelwa kwazo.

Ke ngoko, utshintsho kwiijini lungakhokelela ekuguqulweni kweseli yeDNA ekhokelela kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

j. Inqanaba eliphantsi lezoqoqosho lwentlalo

Amazinga omhlaza womlomo wesibeleko abonakala ephezulu kwiindawo apho imivuzo iphantsi.

Umzekelo, kumazwe ehlabathi lesithathu, kukho inani eliphezulu lezehlo zomhlaza ngenxa yemeko yezoqoqosho ephantsi yoninzi lwabahlali.

Kwimpikiswano, ukunqongophala kwemali yokuxhasa amalungu osapho kunokukhokelela kuhenyuzo, oluya kubhenca lo mfazi kumaqabane amaninzi esini ukuze bafumane imali.

Ukongezelela, kwimeko yezoqoqosho ephantsi, inkoliso yabantwana ayinanyameko okanye ukhokelo lwabazali, nto leyo ebangela ukuba abakwishumi elivisayo baxhatshazwe ngokwesini. Oku kunokukhokelela ekubeni ube sesichengeni kwii-STIs kunye ne-HPV phakathi kolunye usulelo.

k. I-neoplasia ephantsi yesini

Iziphumo ze-neoplasia ephantsi yamalungu obuni zonyusa umngcipheko wokuba owasetyhini abe nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba owasetyhini one-neoplasia esezantsi yangasese unomngcipheko omkhulu we-HPV onokuthi kamva ubangele iseli yomhlaza kwilungu lenzala.

Uwufumanisa njani umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko

Kwiimeko ezininzi, oogqirha baqala ukuxilongwa ngovavanyo olubonakalayo lomzimba kunye nokuhlolwa okupheleleyo kwembali yonyango ukuchonga utshintsho kumzimba wesigulane.

Emva koko isampuli yegazi, umchamo, kunye nesixhobo ziqokelelwa kuvavanyo lwaselabhoratri

Ngomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, uvavanyo lwe-pap okanye uvavanyo lwe-smear kunye novavanyo lwe-HPV ye-HPV luyenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe nasiphi na isenzo esibi kwizisele zesibeleko.

Iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ezifana colonoscopy, biopsy, uvavanyo lwe-CT, I-LLETZ, i-MRI, kunye ne-pelvic ultrasound yenzelwe ukuchongwa ngakumbi kobungakanani bethumba.

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Ngaba umhlaza wesibeleko unyangwa?

Ewe, umhlaza unokunyangeka xa ubhaqwe kwangethuba. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lomhlaza luyohluka ngokohlobo lomhlaza kunye nezigaba zomhlaza.

Kubalulekile ukuba kuhlolwe rhoqo umhlaza ukunceda ekulweni umhlaza.

Unyango lomhlaza wesibeleko

Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zonyango zisisiseko esisebenzayo kakhulu kwizigaba zomhlaza ezinqunywe. Nangona kunjalo, hlala ubonisana nogqirha wakho phambi kokuba unikeze naluphi na unyango lomhlaza.

i). Utyando lweyeza

Unyango lwe-radiation lusebenzisa iibhloko zamandla ezinamandla aphezulu, njenge-X-ray, ukubulala iiseli ezinomhlaza.

Kwakhona kunciphisa umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza.

Qaphela ukuba unyango lweradiation lunokuba lukhetho xa umhlaza ungenakususwa ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lotyando.

Indlela yonyango inokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana norhudo, isicaphucaphu, ukucaphuka kwesinyi, kunye notshintsho kumjikelo wokuya exesheni.

ii). Chemotherapy

Kwi-chemotherapy, amayeza athile alawulwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. I-systemic chemotherapy isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza oye waguquka kwizicubu ezikufutshane.

Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi konyango lwe-chemotherapy, funa ingcebiso kugqirha ophumelelayo ngenxa yeziphumo zonyango. Iziphumo ezinokuthi zibandakanye ukulahleka kweenwele, ukudinwa, ukungachumi, isicaphucaphu, kunye nesisu

iii). Utyando

Yenye yeendawo eziqhelekileyo zesicwangciso sonyango lomhlaza.

Ngale ndlela yonyango, ugqirha unokulisusa ithumba kunye nomda omncinci wezicubu ezisempilweni ezingqonge kumlomo wesibeleko ukucothisa okanye aphelise ukusasazeka kwesi sifo.

iv). Ukunyamekela

Lunyango olukhethekileyo lwezonyango olugxininisa ukuthomalaliswa kweentlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu zesigulo esibulalayo. Oku kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kovavanyo lwemfuzo ukujonga nokuchonga olona nyango lomhlaza.

v). Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo luthintela iiseli zomhlaza ekubeni ziphinde zibuye. Iyeza liphelisa iiseli zomhlaza kwaye lizitshabalalise, zishiya iiseli ezinempilo.

Ukongeza, amayeza ekujoliswe kuwo anokomeleza amajoni omzimba.

Qaphela ukuba ngaphambi kolawulo lwamachiza onyango ajolise kuwo, umzimba uya kuvavanywa kuqala ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba isigulana sinokufumana inzuzo kumachiza onyango ekujolise kuwo okanye akunjalo.

vi). immunotherapy

Ngokubanzi, i-immunotherapy isebenzisa amayeza akhethekileyo kunye nolunye unyango ukomeleza amajoni omzimba ukulwa iiseli zomhlaza kunye nezinye izifo. Kwenziwa ngesandla kunye chemotherapy ukunyanga umhlaza phambili.

Okukwintsusa

Kwimpilo engcono, ukuthintela ezinye zezinto ezibangela umhlaza njengokungahlali kakuhle, ukuphepha amaqabane amaninzi ngesondo, kunye nokuba sesichengeni se-HPV kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukongeza ekuthembekeni kwiqabane elinye ngokwesini; ziqhelanise nokwabelana ngesondo okukhuselekileyo, fumana uvavanyo lwePap rhoqo, uthathe ugonyo lwe-HPV kwiminyaka yakho yokuqala kwaye uzame ukutya ngokusempilweni.

Imakwe Nge : Iimpawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko • Amanqanaba omhlaza womlomo wesibeleko • Unyango lomhlaza wesibeleko