Umdlavuza Womlomo Wesibeletho | Uzonamathela Kuzakwethu Oyedwa Ngemva kokufunda

Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho wuhlobo lomdlavuza olubulalayo oludala ukwehlukana okungavamile kwamaseli emlomo wesibeletho - okuholela ebuhlungwini obungebona obemvelo ngaphansi kowesifazane.

Ngokocwaningo, i-human papillomavirus kukholakala ukuthi iyimbangela enkulu yomdlavuza wesibeletho.

Iningi labesifazane okutholakala ukuthi linalo hlobo lomdlavuza kukhonjiswa ukuthi liyawukhula ngemuva kweminyaka engamashumi eminyaka yokutheleleka nge-papillomavirus yabantu.

I-human papillomavirus ingadala izinsumpa noma izitho zangasese zomlomo wesibeletho.

Kodwa-ke, i-HPV ingavinjelwa ukuqeda izinkinga ezibangelwa yimpilo yethu.

Futhi lokhu kungenziwa imigomo emithathu ye-HPV enconyelwe abantu abasha abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-9 nengu-26. Lokhu kugoma kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka kwe-HPV.

Lo mbhalo wethula incazelo yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, izimbangela zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, izimpawu, nokwelashwa phakathi kohlu lwezinyathelo zokuvimbela lesi simo.

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Uyini umdlavuza wesibeletho?

Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluhlasela uhlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane lubangele i ukuhlukaniswa kweseli okungajwayelekile komlomo wesibeletho.

Ngokuguquka kweseli, izicubu zisakazeka ezicutshini eziseduze okuholela ezinkingeni ezibulalayo zamaseli ezingaholela ekufeni kwabantu abanegciwane.

Umdlavuza wesibeletho unikezwa ikakhulukazi i-papillomavirus yomuntu njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wesibeletho obangelwa i-HPV

Nazi izinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zomdlavuza wesibeletho

1. I-Adenocarcinoma
2. I-squamous cell carcinoma

Umdlavuza wesibeletho i-adenocarcinoma uvame ukwenzeka kumaseli we-glandular omise okolayini ezizungeze umsele wesibeletho. Akuvamile ukwenzeka kwabanye besifazane.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umdlavuza we-squamous cell carcinoma wenzeka kumaseli we-squamous. Amaseli we-squamous amangqamuzana amancane, ayisicaba azungeze ingxenye engaphandle yomlomo wesibeletho exhuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.

Ingesinye sezifo zomdlavuza zomlomo wesibeletho ezaziwayo kwabesifazane.

Izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho

Izimpawu nezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho zibonakala kuphela emuva kwesikhathi kodwa hhayi ekuqaleni. Izimbangela zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho zingaholela ezimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi
• Ubuhlungu be-pelvic
• Ukukhishwa kwamanzi esithweni sangasese okunephunga elibi
• Ukukhishwa kwegazi esithweni sangasese ngephunga elinamandla
• Ukopha ngemuva kokwenza ucansi
• Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane phakathi kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini
• Ukopha okuvela emzimbeni ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini
• Ukuhlwitha phakathi kwezinkathi

Uma kunalezi zimpawu ezingenhla, vakashela udokotela ukuze ahlolwe ngaphambi kokuba kuhlwe, noma kunjalo, ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwepap noma ukuhlolwa kwe-smear kungasiza ukuthola noma yiziphi izinguquko zeselula yomlomo wesibeletho ezingakhombisa ukukhula komdlavuza. Lokhu kungasiza ekwelashweni kokuqala komdlavuza.

Izigaba zomdlavuza wesibeletho

Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, odokotela bathola ukuxilongwa ukukhomba izigaba ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza.

Isiteji sisiza ukunquma ubukhulu bokuguquka kweseli. Ngezansi kunezigaba zomdlavuza:

Image Wikipedia

• Imilingo, noma ifihliwe: Umdlavuza awukhombisi kuma-imaging scan, kepha amaseli anomdlavuza angavela kuketshezi futhi kungenzeka ukuthi afinyelele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• I-Stage 0 Cancer: - Amaseli we-precancerous akhona.
• Isigaba somdlavuza 2: - Amaseli womdlavuza akhule ukusuka ebusweni bomlomo wesibeletho ngaphansi kuka-5 cm abe izicubu ezijulile, futhi mhlawumbe angene esibelethweni nakuma-lymph node aseduze

Isigaba 2: - Isimila singu-5-7 cm futhi kungenzeka ukuthi sisabalalele ezicutshini ezizungeze indawo ethintekile, Singahle noma singathinti ama-lymph node aseduze.

• Isigaba 3: - Amaseli womdlavuza akhona ezindongeni zokhalo. Kungathinta noma kungathinti ama-lymph node aseduze.
• Isigaba 4: - Umdlavuza ususabalele ezithweni zomzimba ezikude njengesibindi, amathambo, amaphaphu, nezindawo zamanzi

Ngabe yini imbangela yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho?

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungaba umphumela we i-papillomavirus yesintu, indlela yokuphila yokungahlali kahle nokungakhethi kahle kokudla. Ezinye zezimbangela ezinkulu zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho yilezi:

a. Ukuchayeka kwi-papillomavirus yomuntu

Enye yezimbangela ezivamile zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ingumphumela wokutheleleka nge-papillomavirus yabantu.

I-HPV yigciwane elidluliselwa ngocansi elingenalo ikhambi. I-HPV ibangela amasosha omzimba aphansi, ngakho-ke, anikeze indawo yezinye izifo ezinjengomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho nezinye izifo zocansi.

Ukuvimbela i-HPV ngokuphathwa komuthi wokugomela i-HPV eneminyaka eyi-9 kuye kwengama-26 kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle komuthi wokugoma, ingozi ye-HPV iphezulu.

b. Abalingani abaningi bezocansi

Abesifazane abanabalingani abaningi kwezocansi ngokuvamile basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka nge-HPV.

Isibonelo, owesifazane onabalingani bobulili abathathu ngosuku olufanayo noma ngasikhathi sinye angatheleleka kalula nge-HPV noma ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI) njenge-syphilis, i-gonorrhea ne-HIV.

Lokhu kungaholela kumdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Ukugwema abalingani abaningi bobulili obuningi kungenye ye izindlela zokuthibela zokuqeda lesi simo (umdlavuza wesibeletho). Abalingani abaningi bezocansi yindawo ebalulekile exhunyaniswe nezimbangela zomdlavuza wesibeletho.

c. Ukubhema:

Iningi labesifazane ababhemayo lenyusa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho oshubile. Izinto ezinobuthi ezivela emsini zibambezela ukugeleza kwegazi kanye ne-neurotransmission.

Lokhu kungaholela kumasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ukulwa nezifo futhi kungaba nomthelela kwinqubo ebangela ukuthi amanye amangqamuzana anomdlavuza abe ngamangqamuzana omdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

d. Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI)

Inani elihle labesifazane elivezwe chlamydia, i-gonorrhea, i-syphilis, futhi i-HIV / AIDS ngokuvamile inamathuba aphezulu okuba namaseli anomdlavuza.

Ama-STI angenye yezimbangela zomdlavuza wesibeletho. Kwehlisa amasosha omzimba, ngakho-ke, umzimba awukwazi ukuzivikela kwi-HPV.

Ama-STI angadala ubuhlungu obukhulu be-pelvic, ukopha kowesifazane sangasese, nokunye ukuphuma emzimbeni onephunga elinamandla

e. Izifo ze-immunosuppression

Abesifazane abahlushwa i-HIV / AID noma asebeke bathola imishanguzo ethile, ngokwesibonelo, ukufuna imishanguzo ye-Immunosuppressive efana nokufakwa kungadala umdlavuza wesibeletho.

Imithi yenze buthakathaka amasosha omzimba okwenza abesifazane bathinteke ku-HPV.

f. Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo

Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo kungadala umdlavuza wesibeletho. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi iningi labesifazane abasebenzisa amaphilisi okuvikela ukukhulelwa isikhathi eside banamathuba aphezulu okuba nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

Amaphilisi angaholela ekopha okungavamile ngemuva noma ngaphambi kwezikhathi.

Futhi zingadala ukungalingani kwehomoni okungaholela ezinkingeni zezempilo. Njalo funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo.

g. Ukubeletha kwasekuqaleni

Ukubeletha usemusha kungadala i-HPV futhi lapho esekhulile, owesifazane angaba nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi abesifazane ababeletha besakhula kungenzeka babe namaseli omdlavuza sebekhulile.

Funda futhi: - Izibhedlela ezihamba phambili zomdlavuza ezihamba phambili eMhlabeni NaseKisumu

h. Ukhuluphele kanye nokukhuluphala

Ukuzuza isisindo okungenampilo kungaholela ezifweni ezingalapheki njengomdlavuza.

Ukufakwa kwamafutha ngokweqile emzimbeni kungaholela kumdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kubantu abakhuluphele nabakhuluphele ngokweqile. Abesifazane abaningi abakhuluphele noma abakhuluphele kakhulu basengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

i. Ufuzo nomlando womndeni

Izakhi zofuzo zingenye zezimbangela zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Abanye besifazane bangathola umdlavuza ngenxa yesifo sofuzo somdlavuza.

Lokho kuyikhono lomuntu lokuthola ifa lokuthambekela kohlobo lomdlavuza. Isibonelo, uma omunye wabazali enofuzo lomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, bangadlulisela imiyalo eshintshiwe enzalweni yabo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuvamile ikhodi yezofuzo ilawula ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli nesikhathi sokuphela kwawo.

Ngakho-ke, ushintsho kwizakhi zofuzo lungaholela ekuguqulweni kweseli ye-DNA okuholela kumdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

j. Isimo esiphansi somnotho wezenhlalo

Izinga lomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho libonakala liphezulu ezindaweni lapho imali engenayo iphansi.

Isibonelo, emazweni omhlaba wesithathu, kunenani eliphakeme lamacala omdlavuza ngenxa yesimo sezomnotho esiphansi sezakhamizi eziningi.

Ngokuphikisana, ukuntuleka kwemali yokuxhasa amalungu omndeni kungaholela ebufebeni, obuzodalula lo wesifazane kwabalingani abaningi abathandana nabo ukuze athole imali.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni yezomnotho ephansi emphakathini, izingane eziningi zintula ukunakekelwa noma ukuholwa ngabazali, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele intsha ukuba ihlukunyezwe ngokocansi. Lokhu kungaholela ekuchayekeni ngezifo zocansi kanye ne-HPV phakathi kwezinye izifo.

k. I-neoplasia yenzalo ephansi

Imiphumela ye-neoplasia ephansi yesitho sangasese ikhulisa ubungozi kowesifazane onomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi owesifazane one-neoplasia ephansi yezitho zangasese usengozini enkulu ye-HPV engahle iholele esitokisini esinomdlavuza esithweni sokuzala.

Ungawuthola kanjani umdlavuza wesibeletho

Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela baqala ukuxilonga ngokuhlolwa okubonakalayo komzimba nokuhlolwa okuphelele komlando wezokwelapha ukuthola ushintsho emzimbeni wesiguli.

Ngemuva kwalokho kuqoqwa isampula legazi, umchamo, nethuluzi lokuhlola elebhu

Ngomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, kwenziwa i-pap test noma i-smear test kanye ne-HPV DNA test ukuze kutholakale noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle kumaseli wesibeletho.

Ukuhlolwa okungeziwe njenge colonoscopy, i-biopsy, i-CT scan, I-LLETZ, I-MRI, ne-ultrasound ye-pelvic yenziwa ukukhonjwa okuqhubekayo kosayizi wesimila.

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Ngabe umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungalashwa?

Yebo, umdlavuza ungelashwa uma usheshe watholakala. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuyahluka ngohlobo lomdlavuza nezigaba zomdlavuza.

Kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe njalo ngomdlavuza ekulweni nomdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibeletho

Izindlela zokwelashwa ezilandelayo ziyisisekelo esisebenza kahle kakhulu ezigabeni zomdlavuza onqunyiwe. Kodwa-ke, thintana nodokotela wakho njalo ngaphambi kokuhlinzeka nganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa komdlavuza.

i). I-Radiation Therapy

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusetshenziswa izinsimbi zamandla ezinamandla aphezulu, njenge-X-ray, ukubulala amaseli anamdlavuza.

Kuphinde kwehlise nengozi yokuthi umdlavuza ubuye.

Qaphela ukuthi ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungaba yindlela lapho umdlavuza ungeke ususwe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Indlela yokwelashwa ingaba nemiphumela emibi efana nohudo, isicanucanu, ukucasuka kwesinye, kanye noshintsho esikhathini sokuya esikhathini.

ii). Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Ku-chemotherapy, kunikezwa imishanguzo ethile ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. I-chemotherapy yesistimu isetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza osushintshe izicubu eziseduze.

Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, funa usizo kudokotela ohlinzayo ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yalokhu kwelashwa. Imiphumela ingafaka ukulahleka kwezinwele, ukukhathala, ukuzala, isicanucanu, nohudo

iii). Ukuhlinzwa

Ingenye yezingxenye ezijwayelekile zohlelo lokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Ngale ndlela yokwelashwa, udokotela ohlinzayo angasusa isimila kanye neceke elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezizungeze umlomo wesibeletho ukuze kunciphise noma kuqede nokusabalala kwesifo.

iv). Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative

Kuyinto yokwelashwa okukhethekile okugcizelela ukukhululeka kobuhlungu nezinye izimpawu zesifo esibulalayo. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukuhlola nokubona izindlela zokwelapha ezihamba phambili zomdlavuza.

v). Ukwelapha okuhlosiwe

Ukwelapha okuqondisiwe kuvimbela amangqamuzana omdlavuza ekuphindaphindeni. Umuthi uqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi awonakalise, ashiye amaseli enempilo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi yokwelashwa ehlosiwe ingakhuphula amasosha omzimba.

Qaphela ukuthi ngaphambi kokulawulwa kwezidakamizwa zokwelapha ezihlosiwe, umzimba uyahlolwa kuqala ukuthola ukuthi isiguli singazuza yini emithini yokwelapha eqondisiwe noma cha.

vi). immunotherapy

Ngokuvamile, i-immunotherapy isebenzisa umuthi okhethekile nezinye izindlela zokwelapha zokuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba ukulwa namaseli womdlavuza nezinye izifo. Kwenziwa ngokubambisana ne-chemotherapy ukwelapha umdlavuza osezingeni eliphezulu.

Isiphetho sendaba

Ukuze ube nempilo engcono, ukuvimbela ezinye zezimbangela zomdlavuza njengokuphila ngendlela engeyinhle yokuhlala phansi, ukugwema abalingani abaningi ocansini, nokuchayeka ku-HPV kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kokuthembeka kumlingani oyedwa ocansini; zijwayeze ukwenza ucansi oluphephile, thola ukuhlolwa kwePap njalo, goma i-HPV eminyakeni yakho yokuqala bese uzama ukudla okunempilo.

Umakwe Nge: Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho • Izigaba zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho • Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibeletho